An Insider’s Travel Guide to Yangon, Myanmar (Burma)

ⓘ THIS POST IS PART OF A SERIES CALLED: THE HEART OF MYANMAR (BURMA)

Yangon (Burmese: ရန်ကုန်မြို့) was the former capital of Myanmar up until 2006. The capital was relocated to the purpose-built city of Naypyidaw in central Myanmar by the military government. Yangon is Myanmar’s largest city with over 7 million people and its most important commercial centre. Yangon is divided into 33 townships and was once centred on Shwedagon Paya, but the British shifted this focus towards Yangon River.

Without a doubt, Yangon is probably the most exciting city in Myanmar historically speaking. With former political exiles returns, investors and blooming new shops everywhere, this is indeed a commercial and intellectual hub. If you fancy a metropolis with charm, calmness and attractive new restaurants, bars and shops, you’ve come to the right place.

Shwedagon Pagoda

Shwedagon Pagoda or Paya is one of Buddhism’s most sacred sites. The 325 ft stupa is embellished with 27 metric tons of leaf gold. The pagoda is a sight for sore eyes. Four entrance stairways are leading to the main entrance. Remember to wear appropriate clothing and walk barefooted. Do it the Burmese way and put your shoes in a plastic bag and down your rucksack.

Schedule your visit in the morning if you want to meditate, do some yoga or if you just want tranquillity and have this remarkable place to yourself. If you, like me, want to take some photos its a must to come at least 1 hour before sunset to see when the golden stupa change its colours in the setting sun.

A Brief History of Yangon

Yangon, also known as Rangoon, is the largest city in Myanmar and serves as its commercial capital. Its rich history dates back over 2,500 years when it was a small fishing village called Dagon. Here’s a brief history of Yangon in 500 words:

The Early Years

Dagon, the small fishing village that would later become Yangon, was established around the 6th century AD. In the 9th century, it was a small town under the control of the Mon kingdom, which lasted until the 11th century when it was conquered by the Bamar people who founded the Pagan Empire. During this time, Dagon was a small town and not a major city.

British Colonialism

In 1852, the British Empire annexed Lower Burma, including Yangon, and it became the capital of British Burma. During the British colonial period, Yangon developed rapidly, and its infrastructure was improved. The British introduced modern systems of transportation, communication, and administration. Yangon’s port became one of the busiest in the region, and it became a hub of trade and commerce.

World War II and Independence

During World War II, Yangon was heavily bombed by the Japanese, causing extensive damage to the city. After the war, Burma achieved independence from Britain in 1948, and Yangon became the capital of the new country. The city continued to grow and develop as a commercial and cultural center.

Socialist Era

In 1962, a military coup led by General Ne Win overthrew the democratically elected government and established a socialist regime that lasted until 1988. The socialist government nationalized many businesses, including foreign-owned companies, causing a decline in foreign investment. The economy suffered, and Yangon’s infrastructure began to deteriorate.

Recent History

In 1988, pro-democracy protests erupted in Yangon and throughout the country, leading to a military crackdown and the establishment of a new military government. The economy continued to struggle, and the city fell into disrepair. However, in the 1990s, the government began to open up the country to foreign investment, and Yangon once again became a hub of economic activity. In 2005, the government moved the capital to Naypyidaw, but Yangon remained the country’s commercial center.

Today, Yangon is a vibrant and dynamic city with a rich cultural heritage. Its colonial-era architecture and Buddhist pagodas attract tourists from around the world. In recent years, the city has seen a boom in foreign investment, particularly in the real estate and hospitality sectors. Despite ongoing political and economic challenges, Yangon remains a vital part of Myanmar’s economy and society.

15 (Fun) Facts About Yangon

1. Yangon was once known as Rangoon, but its official name was changed to Yangon in 1989 by the military government.
2. Yangon is home to the famous Shwedagon Pagoda, one of the most sacred Buddhist sites in the world.
3. The Yangon Circular Railway is a popular mode of transportation that takes passengers on a scenic tour around the city.
4. The colonial-era Strand Hotel, built in 1901, has hosted many famous guests, including Rudyard Kipling, George Orwell, and Somerset Maugham.
5. Yangon’s Sule Pagoda, believed to be over 2,000 years old, is said to contain a hair relic of the Buddha.
6. The National Museum of Myanmar, located in Yangon, houses a collection of artifacts and exhibits that showcase the country’s rich history and culture.
7. The Bogyoke Aung San Market is a popular shopping destination for tourists and locals alike, offering a wide variety of souvenirs, handicrafts, and clothing.
8. The Yangon Zoo is home to over 200 species of animals, including tigers, elephants, and various species of birds and reptiles.
9. Yangon is famous for its street food, with vendors selling everything from savory samosas to sweet, sticky rice cakes.
10. The Sule Square shopping mall, opened in 2017, is one of the newest and largest shopping destinations in the city.
11. Yangon’s colonial-era buildings, such as the Secretariat building and the High Court, are an architectural blend of British, Burmese, and Indian styles.
12. The Inya Lake, located in the heart of the city, is a popular spot for picnics, boating, and outdoor activities.
13. The Yangon Region Parliament Building, opened in 2017, is a modern, futuristic structure that stands in stark contrast to the city’s colonial-era buildings.
14. Yangon is the birthplace of Aung San Suu Kyi, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate and former State Counsellor of Myanmar.
15. The city’s water supply comes from the nearby Hlaing River and is treated at the Thu Kha Yeik water treatment plant, one of the largest in the country.

Best Time to Visit Yangon

The best time to visit Yangon is during the cool and dry season, which typically runs from November to February. During this time, temperatures are pleasant, with daytime highs in the mid-80s Fahrenheit (around 30 degrees Celsius) and cool evenings. The skies are generally clear, and rainfall is rare, making it an ideal time to explore the city’s outdoor attractions, such as the Shwedagon Pagoda and the Inya Lake.

The hot season, from March to May, can be very uncomfortable, with temperatures often reaching the high 90s Fahrenheit (around 35-40 degrees Celsius). The humidity is also high, and there is little relief from the heat, making it a challenging time to explore the city’s sights.

The rainy season, from June to October, is also not an ideal time to visit, as heavy rains and thunderstorms can be frequent, and flooding is common in some areas. However, the city’s lush greenery during this time can be a sight to behold, and visitors can take advantage of lower hotel rates and fewer crowds.

In summary, the best time to visit Yangon is from November to February when the weather is cool and dry. However, if you don’t mind the heat and humidity, visiting during the rainy season can also be a good option for budget-conscious travelers.

Things to Do in Yangon // What to Do in Yangon

Religious Sites

Yangon is home to many religious sites, including the famous Shwedagon Pagoda. This Buddhist temple is over 2,500 years old and is covered in gold leaf, making it a stunning sight to behold. Visitors can take part in the ritual of pouring water over the Buddha statue to wash away their sins. Another must-see religious site is the Chaukhtatgyi Buddha Temple, which houses a massive 65-meter-long reclining Buddha statue.

Cultural Attractions

For those interested in history and culture, Yangon offers plenty of attractions to explore. The National Museum of Myanmar is a great place to learn about the country’s rich history, with exhibits ranging from ancient artifacts to contemporary art. Another cultural attraction is the Bogyoke Aung San Market, an indoor market with over 2,000 shops selling everything from souvenirs to clothing and jewelry.

Food and Drink

Yangon is famous for its street food, which offers a delicious and affordable way to experience local cuisine. Visitors should try mohinga, a fish noodle soup that’s the national dish of Myanmar, and samosas, savory fried pastries filled with meat or vegetables. For a more formal dining experience, there are many restaurants serving Burmese cuisine, as well as international options.

Natural Beauty

There are several natural attractions in Yangon, including Kandawgyi Lake. This large artificial lake is a popular spot for picnics, jogging, and boat rides. The lake is surrounded by parks and gardens, making it a great place to relax and enjoy the scenery. Another natural attraction is the Hlawga National Park, a nature reserve that’s home to many species of birds and animals.

Day Trips

Yangon is a great base for exploring the surrounding areas, with many day trip options available. The ancient city of Bago, located about 80 kilometers from Yangon, is a popular destination for its many temples and pagodas. The Kyaiktiyo Pagoda, also known as the Golden Rock, is another popular day trip destination. This pagoda is perched on the edge of a cliff and is considered one of the most important pilgrimage sites in Myanmar.

Nightlife

Yangon has a vibrant nightlife scene, with many bars, clubs, and restaurants to choose from. The Bahan Township is a popular area for nightlife, with many trendy bars and clubs. The 19th Street in Chinatown is another popular area, known for its many bars and street food vendors.

Shopping

In addition to the Bogyoke Aung San Market, Yangon offers many other shopping options. The Junction City shopping center is a modern mall with many international brands. The Myanmar Plaza is another popular shopping destination, offering a mix of international and local brands.

Architecture

Yangon has a rich architectural heritage, with many colonial-era buildings and landmarks. The Strand Hotel, for example, is a historic hotel that has hosted many famous guests over the years. Other notable landmarks include the City Hall, the High Court, and the Secretariat Building.

Sports and Recreation

Yangon offers many opportunities for sports and recreation. The Thuwanna Stadium is a large stadium that hosts many sporting events, including football and track and field. There are also many golf courses in the area, as well as yoga and fitness studios.

Festivals and Events

Yangon hosts many festivals and events throughout the year, offering visitors a chance to experience the local culture. The Thingyan Water Festival, held in April, is a popular event where people celebrate the Myanmar New Year

How Long to Stay in Yangon

The ideal length of stay in Yangon depends on the traveler’s interests and itinerary. While some travelers might only need a day or two to explore the city, others might want to spend a longer time to explore all the city has to offer.

For those interested in exploring Yangon’s cultural attractions, such as the National Museum or the Bogyoke Aung San Market, and religious sites such as the Shwedagon Pagoda, a stay of at least two to three days is recommended. This will allow visitors to experience the highlights of the city without feeling rushed.

If you’re interested in exploring the natural beauty of Yangon, such as Kandawgyi Lake and Hlawga National Park, you may want to stay for an additional day or two. A visit to the Golden Rock or the ancient city of Bago, both popular day trip destinations from Yangon, would require an additional day.

For those interested in experiencing the city’s nightlife or shopping scene, you may want to consider adding a day or two to your itinerary. This will give you time to explore the many trendy bars and clubs, as well as the various shopping destinations.

Overall, a stay of four to five days in Yangon would allow travelers to explore the city’s highlights at a comfortable pace. This would give visitors enough time to explore the religious and cultural attractions, enjoy the natural beauty, and experience the city’s nightlife and shopping scene. However, if you have more time, you can always add on additional day trips to nearby attractions or extend your stay to truly immerse yourself in the local culture.

How Much Does It Cost Travelling Yangon

The cost of traveling to Yangon can vary depending on your travel style, preferences, and budget. Here is a breakdown of the approximate costs of accommodation, food, bottled water, and beer in Yangon:

Accommodation: In Yangon, you can find a range of accommodation options to suit every budget. Budget guesthouses and hostels start from around $10-15 per night, while mid-range hotels can cost around $30-50 per night. For those looking for luxury options, prices can range from $100-200 per night.

Food: Food in Yangon is generally quite affordable, especially if you stick to local street food and markets. A basic meal at a local eatery can cost as little as $1-2, while a meal at a mid-range restaurant can cost around $5-10. If you’re looking for higher-end dining options, prices can range from $15-30 per meal.

Bottled water: It is not recommended to drink tap water in Myanmar, so bottled water is essential. Bottled water is widely available and costs around $0.20-0.50 per liter, depending on where you purchase it.

Beer: Myanmar is known for its beer, with several local brands available throughout the country. A bottle of beer in a local restaurant or bar can cost as little as $1-2, while higher-end establishments may charge closer to $4-5 per bottle.

Overall, budget travelers can expect to spend around $20-30 per day on accommodation, food, bottled water, and beer in Yangon. Mid-range travelers can expect to spend around $50-70 per day, while luxury travelers should budget around $150-200 per day. However, keep in mind that these are just rough estimates, and costs can vary depending on your personal preferences and travel style.

Travelling Responsibly in Yangon

Traveling responsibly in Yangon, as with any destination, involves being aware of your impact on the local environment and community, and taking steps to minimize any negative effects. Here are some tips on how to travel responsibly in Yangon:

1. Respect the local culture: Myanmar is a predominantly Buddhist country, and visitors should be aware of local customs and traditions. Dress modestly when visiting temples or religious sites, remove your shoes before entering buildings, and be mindful of local customs and practices.
2. Support local businesses: Instead of eating at international chain restaurants or shopping at big-name stores, try to support local businesses and markets. This not only helps the local economy but also gives you a more authentic experience of the city.
3. Use eco-friendly transportation: Instead of renting a car or taking taxis, consider using public transportation or cycling to explore the city. This not only reduces your carbon footprint but also gives you a chance to interact with locals and experience the city at a slower pace.
4. Reduce plastic waste: Bring a reusable water bottle and refill it as needed, instead of buying single-use plastic bottles. You can also carry a reusable shopping bag to reduce the amount of plastic waste generated during your trip.
5. Respect the environment: Be mindful of your impact on the local environment. Don’t litter or leave trash behind, and be careful when visiting natural sites such as parks or beaches. Stick to designated trails and avoid damaging plants or wildlife.
6. Be respectful of local people: Be respectful of locals’ privacy and personal space, and always ask for permission before taking photos. Be aware that some communities may not welcome tourists, and respect their wishes if this is the case.

By following these tips, you can ensure that your visit to Yangon is enjoyable, sustainable, and respectful of the local community and environment.